variable Column integrated heating
unit \(W/m^2\) (Watt per square meter)
explanation The amount of heat reaching the entire atmospherec column from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. The total column heating rate is calculated from the JRA-55 variables shown below.
remark Column integrated heating rate (\(Q\)) is calculated by the following way using JRA-55 data.
    Downward shortwave radiation flux at the nominal top of atmosphere(\(R_{S_{top}} \downarrow\))
    Downward shortwave radiation flux at the ground or water surface(\(R_{S_{sfc}} \downarrow\))
    Downward longwave radiation flux at the ground or water surface(\(R_{L_{sfc}} \downarrow\))
    Upward shortwave radiation flux at the nominal top of atmosphere(\(R_{S_{top}} \uparrow\))
    Upward shortwave radiation flux at the ground or water surface(\(R_{S_{sfc}} \uparrow\))
    Upward longwave radiation flux at the nominal top of atmosphere(\(R_{L_{top}} \uparrow\))
    Upward longwave radiation flux at the ground or water surface(\(R_{L_{sfc}} \uparrow\))
    Upward sensible heat flux at the ground or water surface(\(SH_{sfc} \uparrow\))
    Precipitation(\(P\))
\(Q = R_{S_{top}} \downarrow - R_{S_{sfc}} \downarrow - R_{L_{sfc}} \downarrow - R_{S_{top}} \uparrow + R_{S_{sfc}} \uparrow - R_{L_{top}} \uparrow + R_{L_{sfc}} \uparrow + SH_{sfc} \uparrow + L \times P\)
    \(L\) is a specific latent heat associated with phase transition of water.
▼ detailed explanation